Caribbean Trade Law and Development

Category: Trade

  • Caribbean Trade & Development Digest – February 26 – March 4, 2017

    Caribbean Trade & Development Digest – February 26 – March 4, 2017

    Source: Pixabay

    Welcome to the Caribbean Trade and Development Digest for the week of February 26-March 4, 2017!  I am pleased to share some of the major trade and development headlines and analysis from across the Caribbean region and the World.

    For past issues of our weekly Caribbean Trade & Development Digest, please visit here.

    To receive these mailings directly to your inbox, please follow our blog.

    REGIONAL

    Guyana and Cuba increase friendly relations

    Prensa Latina: Representatives for Guyana and Cuba ratified in this capital both countries” willingness to continue strengthening the traditional friendly and cooperation relations, diplomatic sources reported today. Read more

    Amendments to ECCU Banking Act likely

    WINN FM: Regulators and financial institutions have agreed that there are some aspects of the Banking Act passed in all Eastern Caribbean Currency Union (ECCU) member countries in 2015, that need to be amended. Read more

    Cuba’s Mariel port seeks China push

    China daily: These days, giant Chinese-built cranes briskly unload shipping containers from cargo ships at Cuba’s deep-water port of Mariel, a fledgling special economic zone the country hopes will drive development over the coming years. Read more

    Chastanet calls for OECS Action

    WINN FM: St Lucia’s Prime Minister Allen Chastanet is pointing to the many challenges facing his country and the rest of the OECS. Read more

    Rabbani for deep political, trade ties with Cuba

    The News: Pakistan and Cuba have agreed to maintain upward trajectory in bilateral relations witnessed in the recent past. Read more

    Couple seeks $38m for Dominican Republic’s project block

    Law360: An American couple is asking an international arbitration panel for more than $37 million from the Dominican Republic for allegedly obstructing the expansion of a gated mountain community in favor of politically connected competitors, saying environmental concerns raised by the government have no merit.  Read more

    CARICOM preparing for UNCLOS

    Jamaica Gleaner: Caribbean Community (CARICOM) countries have been fine-tuning their positions ahead of the next Preparatory meeting of the United Nations (UN) meeting to establish an international legally binding agreement on sustainable use of marine resources. Read more

    CAPRI To monitor more CARICOM States

    Jamaica Gleaner: Co-Executive Director of the Caribbean Policy Research Institute (CaPRI), Dr Damien King, has engaged a number of CARICOM countries on the monitoring of their progress towards the Global Sustainable Development Goals. Read more

    Americans buying cigars by the thousands in Cuba

    VOA:Puffing on a cigar at Cuba’s annual Habanos cigar festival, American aficionado Paul Segal said he would buy as many boxes of cigars as he could carry home in case U.S. President Donald Trump tightens regulations on visitors to the communist-run island again. Read more

    CARICOM, Korea commit to areas of closer cooperation

    Jamaica Observer: The Caribbean Community (CARICOM) and the Republic of Korea have agreed to several areas for closer cooperation. Read more

    INTERNATIONAL

    Future of AGOA Uncertain in Trump era

    Atlantic Star: What will trade with Africa look like under a Trump presidency? African leaders are concerned that the African Growth and Opportunity Act, or AGOA, will be on the chopping block under Trump and that the continent itself will not be a priority. Read more

    East Africa: Magufuli Stance on EU-EAC Trade deal could split bloc

    AllAfrica: Tanzania has yet again refused to endorse a regional trade pact with the European Union, saying the deal stood in its way to industrialization. Read more

    Canada launches consultations on free trade with China

    CTV: The federal government is launching consultations on a potential free trade agreement with China.Prime Minister Justin Trudeau and Chinese Premier Li Keqiang announced the beginning of exploratory discussions in September. Read more

    Envoy pushes for EU-Philippines free trade agreement

    Inquirer: European Union (EU) Ambassador Franz Jessen on Thursday called for speedy negotiations for a Free Trade Agreement (FTA) between the EU and the Philippines to create the “best possible enabling environment” for business. Read more

    Russia to facilitate drafting the EAEU-Egypt deal

    Sputnik: Russia will seek to greatly facilitate the drafting of a free trade agreement between the Russia-led Eurasian Economic Union and Egypt, Russian upper house speaker Valentina Matvienko said Saturday. Read more

    Investment treaty before trade pact, says Canada to India

    Hindu Business Line: Canada is throwing its weight behind an early “progressive” bilateral investment treaty (BIT) with India before it concludes a bilateral free trade agreement (FTA) to ensure a stable and predictable environment for its investors. Read more

    Korea, MERCOSUR to launch trade talks in first half

    The Korea Herald: South Korea and the South American trade block MERCOSUR will launch their official negotiations on a trade pact before the first half of this year, the trade ministry here said Friday, amid the country’s efforts to tap deeper into the region. Read more

    Canada’s Trudeau defends NAFTA

    CNBC: Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau said Friday that both the United States and Canada depend on the North American Free Trade Agreement, a deal repeatedly slammed by President. Read more

    Maersk expecting earnings rebound

    Global Trade Mag: Maersk Line expects its net earnings to rebound by over $1 billion from a loss of $384 million in 2016 to a net profit in 2017. Read more

    Ottawa takes another step toward free trade agreement with China

    Global News: The federal government has taken another step toward a free-trade agreement with China, officially launching three months of consultations that will help it determine “how to best proceed” with the possible deal. Read more

    China’s THAAD retaliation may be in violation of WTO, FTA rules, says minister

    The Investor: A recent series of retaliatory economic actions taken by China against South Korea may be in violation of international trade law as well as their bilateral trade pact, Foreign Minister Yun Byung-se said March 5, alluding to Seoul’s possible move to bring the cases to an international court. Read more

    Theresa May must guarantee rights of EU citizens to remain in UK, says MPs

    Evening Standard: Theresa May is facing renewed pressure from MPs to guarantee the rights of more than three million EU citizens to remain in the UK. Read more

    Trump administration sheds light on what revamp of NAFTA may entail

    Huffington Post: Donald Trump’s new point man on trade negotiations has shed some light on key goals in revamping the North American Free Trade Agreement, hinting Friday that priority No. 1 involves more automobile parts sourced close to home. Read more

    Brexit Bill: Theresa May faces another defeat in House of Lords

    Independent: Peers say Theresa May is heading for another thumping Brexit defeat in the House of Lords, to prevent her crashing Britain out of the EU with ‘no deal”. Read more

    DG Azevedo welcomes EU trade ministers’ strong support for global trading system

    WTO: Addressing a meeting of European Union trade ministers in Malta on 2 March 2017, Director-General Roberto Azevêdo argued that EU leadership will be more important than ever in supporting the rules-based multilateral trading system. He welcomed the strong support for the WTO that the EU and its members have shown in recent months. Read more

    NEW ON CTLD BLOG

    President Trump’s Trade Policy Agenda for 2017 Released

    Trump Trade Policy ‘Achievements’: The First Month

    Liked this issue? For past issues of our weekly Caribbean Trade & Development Digest, please visit here. To receive these mailings directly to your inbox, please follow our blog.

  • President Trump’s Trade Policy Agenda for 2017 Released

    President Trump’s Trade Policy Agenda for 2017 Released

    Alicia Nicholls

    The Office of the United States’ Trade Representative (USTR) today released a preliminary report outlining President Trump’s Trade Policy Agenda for 2017.  It should be noted that this is a preliminary report prepared in order to comply with the statutory deadline for the report’s annual release March 1, but bearing in mind that President Trump’s nominee for USTR, experienced trade lawyer and former deputy USTR under former President Ronald Reagan, Robert Lighthizer, has not yet been confirmed by the Senate. As such, it has been noted in the report that  a more detailed version will be published once the USTR has been confirmed and has had the opportunity to provide input in that report’s development.

    As stated in the report, President Trump sees bipartisan support by the American people for a complete overhaul of US trade policy. In order to effect this, the report states that the overarching purpose of the Trumpian trade policy “will be to expand trade in a way that is freer and fairer for all Americans”.

    To this effect, the report outlines four priorities identified by the Administration:

    (1) defend U.S. national sovereignty over trade policy;

    (2) strictly enforce U.S. trade laws;

    (3) use all possible sources of leverage to encourage other countries to open their markets to U.S. exports of goods and services, and provide adequate and effective protection and enforcement of U.S. intellectual property rights; and

    (4) negotiate new and better trade deals with countries in key markets around the world.”

    Several preliminary things stand out from the report:

    (1) The report highlighted that the US is not bound by WTO decisions and evinces a policy stance going forward not to accept any adverse rulings from the WTO. The paragraph below taken directly from the report is instructive:

    “And, when the WTO adopts interpretations of WTO agreements that undermine the ability of the United States and other WTO Members to respond effectively to these real world unfair trade practices with remedies expressly allowed under WTO rules, those interpretations undermine confidence in the trading system. None of these outcomes is in the interest of the United States or a healthy global economy.”

    This is coupled with what appears to be the Trump administration’s plans to make greater use of unilateral remedies.

    US disregard for adverse WTO rulings is a troubling prospect for many reasons, but particularly for small island states’ enforcement of their trade interests. It should be noted that the Caribbean island state of Antigua & Barbuda is still awaiting compensation from the US, after many years, since winning the US-Gambling dispute. It remains to be seen whether this will ever be resolved.

    (2) Based on the arguments made in this report, I think it likely that Trump’s team will advocate for changes to be made to the WTO’s dispute settlement mechanism for their own interest.

    (3) The Administration has stated its intention to not only more aggressively go after countries the US deems to be “engaging in unfair trade practices”, but will also with equal zeal go after countries which do not sufficiently open their markets to US exports. As mentioned previously, the pursuit of countries’ trading practices which are perceived to be inimical to US interests is not new and has been US policy for years. The singling out of China in this regard came as no surprise.

    (4) The Trump administration’s criterion for whether a trade agreement is bad or good appears to be based solely on whether the US has a trade (merchandise) deficit with the country in question. This is not just a facile way of assessing the merits of a trade agreement, but also ignores services trade and investment which in many cases the US has a surplus with its trading partners.

    (5) While there are references to “free and fairer trade” throughout the report, I believe the term “zero sum” trade may be the more appropriate term to describe these proposals.

    The full report may be viewed here.

    Alicia Nicholls, B.Sc., M.Sc., LL.B., is a trade and development consultant with a keen interest in sustainable development, international law and trade. You can also read more of her commentaries and follow her on Twitter @LicyLaw.

     

  • Trump Trade Policy ‘Achievements’: The First Month

    Trump Trade Policy ‘Achievements’: The First Month

    Alicia Nicholls

    February 20th marked United States (US) President Donald Trump’s first full month in the Oval Office. And what a month it has been! We have seen a lot of focus by his administration on immigration. But what about trade? Trade occupied a major part of the platform of then US presidential candidate Trump. In his Contract with the American Voter , he had enumerated several trade-related pledges as part of his 100-day action plan to “Make America Great Again”. His first one hundred days are not yet up, but it is worth looking at what have been the achievements towards his “America first” trade policy during his first month in office.

    President Trump’s Trade Promises

    As a reminder, these were the major trade-related promises gleaned from his Contract with the American Voter. He pledged to:

    • Announce his intention to renegotiate the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) or withdraw from the deal under Article 2205;
    • Announce the US’ withdrawal from the Trans-Pacific Partnership;
    • Direct the Secretary of the Treasury to label China a currency manipulator;
    • Direct the Secretary of Commerce and U.S. Trade Representative to identify all foreign trading abuses that unfairly impact American workers and direct them to use every tool under American and international law to end those abuses immediately;
    • Work with Congress to introduce the “End Offshoring Act” to establish tariffs to discourage US companies from laying off their workers in order to relocate in other countries and ship their products back to the U.S. tax-free.

    Three main reasons possibly explain Mr. Trump’s slow progress on his trade agenda thus far. Firstly, two key members of his trade team  who are needed to help effect his policies are still awaiting Senate confirmation, namely his United States Trade Representative (USTR) pick, noted trade lawyer and former deputy USTR under President Ronald Reagan, Robert Lighthizer, and his commerce secretary nominee, Wilbur Ross, an investor and former banker.

    Secondly and related to the first point,Mr. Trump’s policy inexperience means he will likely be more reliant on the guidance and advice of his yet-to-be confirmed trade team than would other presidents. Thirdly, it is possible that Mr. Trump is realising that there is a wide chasm between presidential campaign rhetoric and how Washington and the role of president actually work, particularly when contrasted with being a CEO of one’s own company.

    What has he achieved so far and what hasn’t he?

    With that in mind, it is not surprising that of his stated promises, his only substantive trade policy achievement thus far has been directing the USTR via a presidential memorandum to withdraw the US from the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP). Withdrawal from the TPP was a low-hanging fruit. The US had signed but not yet ratified the Agreement and there was almost bi-partisan criticism of the deal. The acting USTR has since followed up on this memorandum, submitting a withdrawal letter to the TPP depository and TPP partners, and indicating their interest in bilateral trade deals with former TPP partners with which the US does not currently have a trade agreement.

    Further to the latter point, President Trump and his soon-to-be confirmed trade team have been consistent so far on their preference for bilateralism over multilateralism. Trade was one of the hot button topics at his initial meetings with United Kingdom (UK) Prime Minister Theresa May,   Japan’s Shinzo Abe and Canadian Prime Minister, Justin Trudeau.

    In keeping with his campaign promise that post-Brexit UK would not be at the back of queue for a trade deal, Mr. Trump received Prime Minister May as his first foreign head of government. The two have reportedly agreed to establish working groups in regards to a possible post-Brexit US-UK trade deal. Indeed, the UK House of Common’s International Trade Committee has already launched an inquiry on this.  However, formal negotiations on any such deal can only legally begin once the UK concludes its withdrawal agreement with the European Union (EU) pursuant to Article 50 of the Lisbon Treaty.

    More immediately possible, however, may be trade talks between Japan and the US. Despite Mr. Trump’s earlier criticism of former TPP partner Japan’s “unfair trade practices”, the meeting with Mr. Abe went cordially, with agreement in principle for beginning US-Japan trade and investment talks. It should be noted that Japan has a large trade surplus with the US, boosted particularly by automobile exports, which might be a bone of contention in any trade talks between the two countries.

    Outside of withdrawing from the TPP and these preliminary aspirational trade talks, there has been limited progress so far on his specific campaign promise in comparison to the ambitious agenda he proposed. So far he has not labelled China a “currency manipulator”. Indeed, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) had indicated that China’s currency was no longer below value. Nonetheless, Trump’s Secretary of the Treasury, Steve Mnuchin, hesitated in a recent CNBC interview to “pass judgment” on China’s currency practices, stating his preference to go through the US Treasury’s established process on judging whether China (and other countries) was manipulating its currency to boost exports.

    Additionally, President has not yet triggered the 90-day notice period by informing Congress of his intention to renegotiate NAFTA, which he had promised to do “immediately”. While Mr. Trump has criticised the shift of US jobs to Mexico and the US’ large merchandise trade with that NAFTA partner, it is also not clear on what particular provisions of the agreement he wishes to “tweak”.

    What is clear is that Mr. Trump’s main grievance with NAFTA appears to be with Mexico more so than with Canada. Indeed, Mr. Trump took a less protectionist stance towards Canada during his meeting with Prime Minister Trudeau, speaking collectively of keeping jobs and wealth within North America (US and Canada) and not just the US. While reporting on his meeting with Canada’s Prime Trudeau indicates that he would be looking for greater access by American firms to Canadian procurement markets, it is unclear when the NAFTA renegotiation talks will begin.

    With respect to the promise to direct the USTR to identify countries engaging in “unfair trade practices”, his USTR nominee is still awaiting confirming. However, it has been longstanding US policy to challenge nations whose actions are against US economic and trading interests, as evidenced by the large number of disputes brought by the US before the WTO’s dispute settlement body.  Therefore, President Trump will not be doing anything more than what previous US administrations have done in this regard, although we will likely see an even more aggressive stance towards China’s trade practices.

    Mr. Trump has spoken frequently against US companies which offshore production processes (and therefore jobs), as evidenced by his deal with air conditioner maker Carrier. He has promised to, but has not yet proposed, legislation to impose a punitive tax on US companies seeking to offshore may receive stiff opposition from the business community and from Congress.

    He has, however, vacillated in his views on the controversial Border  Adjustment  Tax (BAT) proposal being pushed by Congressional Republicans as part of their tax reform plan. Different from Trump’s border tariff proposal, the GOP BAT Proposal seeks to convert the US corporate income tax from an origin-based to a destination-based tax. It would prevent companies from deducting the costs of their imported goods as an expense, while giving a tax break to companies which export. However, while some business leaders have praised the idea, some economists have argued that it will not boost US exports.

    What next?

    Besides the questions surrounding the renegotiation of NAFTA and which other nations the Administration will earmark for future bilateral deals, it is unclear what will be the Trump administration’s stance on other existing trade agreements, and on the on-going negotiations, including the Trans-Atlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP) with the EU and on the plurilateral negotiations such as the Trade in Services Agreement (TISA). There is also need for clarity on the Administration’s position on key multilateral trade issues, bearing in mind the WTO’s upcoming 11th Ministerial Conference in Buenos Aires at the end of this year.  Nonetheless, it is early days yet and it is hoped there will be greater policy clarity before the one hundred days have elapsed.

    Alicia Nicholls, B.Sc., M.Sc., LL.B., is a trade and development consultant with a keen interest in sustainable development, international law and trade. You can also read more of her commentaries and follow her on Twitter @LicyLaw.

  • Caribbean Trade & Development Digest – February 19-25, 2017

    Caribbean Trade & Development Digest – February 19-25, 2017

    Source: Pixabay

    Welcome to the Caribbean Trade and Development Digest for the week of February 19-25,2017!  I am pleased to share some of the major trade and development headlines and analysis across the Caribbean region and the World. 

    The biggest trade news this week has the entry into force of the World Trade Organisation’s Trade Facilitation Agreement which seeks to slash border red tape and costs and thereby facilitate the smooth flow of cross-border merchandise trade. This week also marks the first month since US President Donald Trump assumed office.

    For past issues of our weekly Caribbean Trade & Development Digest, please visit here.

    To receive these mailings directly to your inbox, please follow our blog.

    REGIONAL NEWS

    Belize Exports Rebound in 2017

    Breaking Belize News: After several consecutive months of underperforming, Belize’s exports increased by 51.2 percent at the beginning of 2017. Read more 

    CCJ blocks lawsuit against Dominica in Tommy Lee Sparta detention case

    Jamaica Observer: The Caribbean Court of Justice (CCJ) has blocked an application by show promoter Cabral Douglas against the island of Dominica for refusing entry to Jamaican dancehall artiste Tommy Lee Sparta who was contracted to perform in the eastern Caribbean country. Read more

    Local music industry important to sustainable development of T&T

    T&T Newsday: The Ministry of Trade and Industry (MTI) in collaboration with its state agency and subsidiary company, The Trinidad and Tobago Creative Industries Company Limited and the Trinidad and Tobago Music Company Limited hosted a workshop on February 17, at the National Academy of Performing Arts, Port-of-Spain on the “Business of Calypso”. Read more 

    President Trump invites Trinidad PM to Washington

    Caribbean360: Trinidad and Tobago’s Prime Minister Dr Keith Rowley got a surprise calls from American President Donald Trump during which the leader of the twin-island republic was invited to Washington. Read more

    Free trade zones in the DR, an engine for competitiveness and jobs: World Bank Report

    Dominican Today: A new report presented today by the World Bank suggests a series of policies designed to strengthen free-trade zones in the Dominican Republic as a path toward sustainable and inclusive economic growth, and its effective use in order to attract foreign direct investment and generate better-qualified and better-paid jobs. Read more

    Mississippi ports eye Cuba, sign agreements in Havana

    Reuters: The Mississippi ports of Pascagoula and Gulfport signed agreements in Cuba on Monday with an eye to future business and with a Republican U.S. senator from the state looking on, despite concerns President Donald Trump might backtrack on improved relations. Read more 

    CSME a Journey, not a Destination, says CARICOM

    Jamaica Gleaner: A comprehensive review of the current status of the CARICOM Single Market and Economy (CSME) was among matters before Caribbean Community heads of government at the just concluded 28th inter-sessional meeting in Guyana. Read more

    OECS firms to showcase at Specialty Caribbean Expo

    St Lucia Times: The OECS Commission, Saint Lucia’s Trade Export Promotion Agency (TEPA), and the Ministry of Commerce have collaborated to stage a high profile trade show, under the theme “A Unique Buying Experience.” Read more 

    INTERNATIONAL NEWS

    ACP wants continued strong relations with UK after Brexit

    Jamaica Gleaner: Secretary General of the African Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) Dr Patrick I Gomes says while the grouping is supportive of a strong Europe, it has no desire of neglecting its relationship with the United Kingdom following its decision to leave the EU. Read more 

    Commonwealth trade negotiators being seconded to Britain to help train civil servants ahead of Brexit

    Telegraph: Ministers are recruiting the “best” trade negotiators from across the Commonwealth to help train civil servants in securing trade deals ahead of Brexit. Read more 

    WTO Trade Facilitation Agreement enters into force

    WTO News: A major milestone for the global trading system was reached on 22 February 2017 when the first multilateral deal concluded in the 21 year history of the World Trade Organization entered into force. In receiving four more ratifications for the Trade Facilitation Agreement (TFA), the WTO has obtained the two-thirds acceptance of the agreement from its 164 members needed to bring the TFA into force. Read more

    EFTA/Mercosur talks confirmed to begin next June in Buenos Aires

    Mercopress: The first round of formal trade negotiations between Mercosur and EFTA, European Free Trade Association, is scheduled to take place in Buenos Aires next June according to information from Brussels where there was a preliminary encounter between the two sides. Read more

    Bangladesh aims to raise trade volume to $5 bln/year with Canada by 2022

    Reuters: Bangladesh aims to raise its annual bilateral trade with Canada to $5.0 billion by 2022 from the current $2.0 billion, a senior government official said on Saturday. Read more

    Indonesia and Australia agree to strengthened trade and defence ties

    News.com.au: Indonesia and Australia have mended a rift to restore full defence ties following formal talks between Malcolm Turnbull and visiting Indonesian President Joko Widodo. Read more

    Commission publishes negotiating proposals for EU-Indonesia trade deal

    EU Commission: The European Commission has published nine initial European proposals for the trade agreement under negotiation with Indonesia, as well as the report from the second round of talks that took place in Indonesia between 24 and 27 January. Further EU proposals will be made available as the negotiations progress. Read more.

    Commissioner Malmström and Japan’s Foreign Affairs Minister confirm commitment for an early conclusion of EU-Japan FTA negotiations

    EU Commission: Meeting in Bonn, Commissioner Malmström and Minister Kishida exchanged views on domestic reforms that Japan is undertaking, and on their possible impact on the negotiating process calendar, as well as on the international situation and the perspectives for world trade. Read more

    Latvia becomes 1st EU country to sign CETA

    CBC: The journey toward full ratification of Canada’s trade deal with the European Union will be long and complicated, but an early step was taken Thursday as Latvia’s parliament voted in favour. Read more 

    DG Azevêdo: Huge amount of work ahead to deliver outcomes at MC11

    WTO News: At a meeting of all WTO members held on 23 February to discuss the organization’s work, Director-General Roberto Azevêdo reported on a range of consultations that have taken place so far in 2017, concluding that while engagement is strong in many areas “we still have a long way to go, and a huge amount of work ahead if we are to arrive at concrete outcomes” for the 11th WTO Ministerial Conference. Read more 

    Appellate Body issues report regarding Russian import restrictions on pigs, pork from EU

    WTO News: On 23 February 2017, the WTO Appellate Body issued its report in the case “Russian Federation – Measures on the Importation of Live Pigs, Pork and Other Pig Products from the European Union” (DS475). Read more

    Brexit could help EU strike free trade deal with India, MEPs believe

    TheGuardian: The EU believes it may stand a better chance of striking a free trade deal with India after the UK leaves the union, despite the importance Britain attaches to trade with its old colony. Read more 

    Trump is off to a slow start on Trade Promises

    Business monitor: President Donald J. Trump keeps firing verbal broadsides at Mexico and China, but so far his new administration has not acted to keep specific campaign promises about trade policy. Read more 

    Enda calls for united Ireland clause in Brexit Deal

    Financial Times: Enda Kenny, Ireland’s prime minister, is pressing Brussels to include measures in the eventual Brexit deal to allow “ease of access” into the EU for Northern Ireland in the event of Irish reunification under the Good Friday peace agreement. Read more 

    BONUS

    Securing ACP Economic Interests After BREXIT

    Indepth News: See extensive excerpts as part of this report by Indepth News from a presentation by the ACP Secretary-General during launch of the book “After Brexit – Securing ACP Economic Interests” by The Ramphal Institute on February 17, 2017 at King’s College London. Read more here

    NEW ON CTLD BLOG

    WTO Trade Facilitation Agreement: Why is it important for Caribbean Small States?

    WTO Trade Facilitation Agreement enters into force

    De-Risking discussed at CARICOM 28th Inter-sessional Meeting

    CARICOM 28th Inter-Sessional Meeting; Economic Development and International Relations centre-stage

    Liked this issue? Read past issues of our weekly Caribbean Trade & Development Digest, please visit here. To receive these mailings directly to your inbox, please follow our blog.