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  • Biden/Harris Victory: What might it mean for US-Caribbean Relations?

    Biden/Harris Victory: What might it mean for US-Caribbean Relations?

    Today, United States (US) President-elect Joseph R. Biden will take the oath of office to become the 46th President, while Vice President-elect Kamala Harris will take hers to become Vice President. Here is a throwback to an article I did shortly after the election on what the Biden/Harris administration might mean for US-Caribbean relations on a variety of fronts!

    caribbeantradelaw's avatarCaribbean Trade Law and Development

    Photo credit: Image by heblo from Pixabay

    Alicia Nicholls

    Caribbean leaders have joined with those around the world to warmly congratulate US President-elect, Joe Biden, on winning the US presidential election of November 3, 2020. Of particular pride for the region is that his second-in-command, Senator Kamala Harris, who has both Jamaican and Indian parentage, is not just the first woman Vice President-elect, but first person of colour and first person of Caribbean descent to ascend to such high office in the US.

    As of the time of this article’s writing, incumbent Republican president, Donald Trump, who has now lost the popular vote twice, has not yet conceded defeat and has launched several legal challenges, calling the election ‘fraudulent’.

    Beyond the symbolism of the Biden/Harris win, and assuming a peaceful transfer of power come January 20, 2021 (the date set for Biden’s inauguration), what does the Biden/Harris victory portend for…

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  • What’s Happened in Trade since December 2020?

    What’s Happened in Trade since December 2020?

    Alicia Nicholls

    Happy New Year to all of our readers! Since our last Caribbean Trade & Development News Digest was published near the end of December 2020, some major trade developments have occurred. If you missed any of these developments, we will bring you up to speed with the top ones in this article!

    UK-EU begin trading under new trade arrangements

    The United Kingdom (UK) and European Union (EU) received the Christmas present they both wanted. On Christmas Eve (December 24) 2020, political agreement was reached on their future trading terms before the Brexit transition period deadline of December 31, 2020. The deal averts the no-deal scenario, that is, trading on World Trade Organization (WTO) Most Favoured Nation (MFN) terms. Such a scenario would have caused, among other things, the reintroduction of tariffs. This would have been disastrous for both parties, and is a circumstance both sides sought to avoid at all costs, even as contingency plans were put in place in case of the worst case scenario.

    The new EU-UK Trade and Cooperation Agreement covers not just trade and investment, but also deals with issues such as competition policy, fisheries, State aid, tax transparency, among other areas of mutual interest. January 31, 2021 marked the start of the EU-UK’s new trading arrangement. Of course, implementation of the new arrangements have not been without their kinks, including border delays due to the reintroduction of customs checks.  

    The UK-CARIFORUM EPA, which rolls over the provisions of the EU-CARIFORUM, now governs trade between the UK and CARIFORUM countries. The EU-CARIFORUM EPA, of course, remains in effect as between CARIFORUM countries and the remaining EU-27. It remains to be seen what practical impact the new EU-UK trading arrangement may have on CARIFORUM’s trade with the EU and UK respectively, including on supply chains.

    Trading under AfCFTA begins

    Originally slated for July 1, 2020, but delayed due to the COVID-19 pandemic, trading under the Africa Continental Free Trade Agreement (AfCFTA) has officially started from January 1, 2021. A special ceremony marking the Start of Trading was held to mark this historic occasion and the recording may be viewed here.

    The AfCFTA is a landmark trade agreement comprising 54 African countries, with an integrated population of 1.3 billion people and a combined GDP of US 3.4 trillion. It is second only to the WTO as the world’s largest trade agreement. While full implementation of the AfCFTA is not expected for some time, it is expected to help boost economic development on the continent.

    A recent PWC report highlights the ways the AfCFTA could assist African countries in their COVID-19 economic recovery. These include providing the opportunity to reconfigure supply chains, allowing for greater intra-regional sourcing of goods, such as pharmaceuticals, thereby reducing dependence on third countries.

    CARICOM-Africa relations continue to develop and it was announced that the African Union (AU) has offered CARICOM access to approved COVID-19 vaccines from a shipment the AU recently secured.

    EU-China reach agreement in principle on Comprehensive Agreement on Investment (CAI)

    On December 30, 2020, it was announced that the EU and China had reached agreement in principle on the text of a Comprehensive Agreement on Investment (CAI). While the text does not appear to be public as yet, the agreement is said to cover market access for EU and Chinese investors respectively, sustainability commitments and provision for State-to-State resolution of disputes arising under the agreement. The EU and China also commit to try to complete negotiations on investment protection and investment dispute settlement within two years of the agreement’s signature.

    US Section 301 investigations on Vietnam currency valuation and on DSTs

    In December, the US Department of the Treasury designated Vietnam as a currency manipulator. According to the USTR, Vietnam currently enjoys a $55 billion dollar merchandise trade surplus with the US, but a $1.2 billion services trade deficit. In the report on its Section 301 investigation of Vietnam’s acts, policies, and practices related to currency valuation, the USTR concluded that in their totality, they were “unreasonable and burden or restrict US commerce”, but stopped sort of recommending punitive tariffs.

    On the digital services tax front, the USTR has suspended retaliatory duties on French luxury goods, until further notice, which were scheduled to have taken effect on January 6, 2021. On another note, the USTR’s section 301 investigations on digital services taxes adopted by several other countries, including Italy, India and Turkey, found that these countries had placed “unreasonable or discriminatory and burdens or restricts U.S. commerce” but did not recommend any retaliatory action as yet.

    A new direction for US trade policy?

    On January 20, Joseph R. Biden will be sworn in as the 46th president of the US, and it is widely anticipated that this will herald a change from the outgoing administration’s often chaotic trade policy.

    In a key note speech delivered last week, Katherine Tai, the nominee for United States Trade Representative (USTR), provided some idea of the incoming Biden administration’s trade policy priorities, of which China and the USMCA remain foremost. Notable was that there was no mention in Ms. Tai’s speech of the WTO, including the current impasse on the appointment of a Director-General or the Appellate Body crisis. However, further information on the Biden administration’s trade policy priorities and disposition will be gleaned when the USTR releases its report on the President’s trade agenda, expected sometime in February.

    Without doubt, domestic issues, such as COVID-19 vaccine roll-out and economic recovery, are expected to absorb much of the administration’s policy agenda within the first 100 days. Biden has proposed a $1.9 trillion-dollar stimulus package to combat the COVID-19 pandemic and its economic fall-out. Climate change is also one of the policy priorities and Biden has indicated that the US will rejoin the Paris Climate Agreement.

    Despite the outgoing Trump administration’s limited cooperation with the President-elect’s transition team, fate appears to have dealt Biden some fortune on the legislative front. With both Houses of Congress controlled by Democrats (albeit a slim majority in the case of the Senate), Biden should have some breathing space to get his policy agenda enacted, at least for the first two years of his administration.

    US redesignates Cuba as a State Sponsor of Terrorism

    The outgoing Trump administration’s State Department has redesignated Cuba as a state sponsor of terrorism (SST) for allegedly “repeatedly providing support for acts of international terrorism in granting safe harbor to terrorists”. Cuba had been delisted in 2015 under the Obama Administration as part of that administration’s attempts to normalize US-Cuba relations. However, the US’ illegal and unwarranted economic, commercial and financial embargo on Cuba, which requires Congressional action to remove, remains.

    The redesignation of Cuba as a SST is just the latest of several actions taken over the course of the Trump administration, which has seen a hardening of the US’ policies against the island nation. This included, for example, ending the suspension of Title III of the Helms-Burton Act. With regard to the trade implications of Cuba’s redesignation, which is extraterritorial in application, it penalises persons and countries engaging in certain trade with Cuba, bans defense exports and sales, and imposes certain controls on exports of dual use items.

    In a strong statement condemning this unilateral action taken by the administration, the Caribbean Community (CARICOM) argued that “Cuba’s international conduct does not in any way warrant that designation.” CARICOM also unequivocally condemned it as a “further attack on the country adversely affects its international standing and its social, human and economic development”.

    US President-elect Joe Biden, who had been the VP under the Obama administration and part of the efforts at rapprochement, has been critical of the Trump Administration’s handling of Cuba affairs. It remains to be seen what will be his administration’s approach to Cuba policy.

    Post-Cotonou Agreement Text faces opposition by some EU Member States

    Towards the end of last year, the EU and the Organisation of African, Caribbean and Pacific States (OACPS) announced political agreement on the text of a deal to succeed the Cotonou Agreement which was meant to have expired in December 2020. The post-Cotonou agreement is not a trade deal; trade between the EU and the OACPS is covered by the various Economic Partnership Agreements (EPAs). It is, however, the overarching framework for EU-OACPS relations and, therefore, covers EU-OACP cooperation on a variety of political and social issues.

    A Devex exclusive report released last week revealed that some EU states, particularly Poland and Hungary, expressed reservations with the proposed text, especially on the treatment of issues such as sexual education issues and migration and mobility.

    WTO Developments

    According to Bloomberg WTO reporting, in its final General Council meeting for the year held December 16-17, 2020, WTO members approved the WTO’s budget for 2021 and also decided that a Special General Council meeting will be held earlier this year to determine where and when the next Ministerial Council will be held. However, the US maintained its veto on the selection of Dr. Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala as the new Director-General. It remains to be seen whether the Biden administration will maintain the US’ current objection.

    The African Union, Cuba and African Union’s proposal on strengthening the WTO for promoting development and inclusivity was also one of the agenda items. At the meeting, WTO Members were unable to agree on the proposal advanced by several developing country members on amending the Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) Agreement to facilitate developing countries’ access to COVID-19 vaccines. This week, the countries proposing the amendment released their responses to WTO Members’ questions on their proposal.

    In other developments, India was the first WTO Member to have its Trade Policy Review for 2021. Costa Rica has requested WTO dispute consultations with Panama regarding measures affecting strawberries, dairy products, meat products, pineapples and bananas.

    Caribbean Community (CARICOM) developments

    From January 1, 2021, Prime Minister of Trinidad & Tobago, the Hon Dr. Keith Rowley, has assumed chairmanship of CARICOM under its six-month rotating chairmanship. He took over from then outgoing chairman, the Hon. Dr. Ralph Gonsalves, Prime Minister of St. Vincent & the Grenadines. Dr. Rowley’s statement as incoming Chair may be viewed here.

    CARICOM has already had a busy start to the year. According to a press release from the Community, the Heads of Government last week held their 13th Special Emergency Meeting of the Conference and under Prime Minister Rowley’s chairmanship. Among other things, they received an update on the Caribbean Economic Recovery and Transformation (CERT) Plan.  

    CARICOM IMPACS and the Small Arms Survey signed a Memorandum of Understanding to Reduce Gun Violence in the Caribbean, including support efforts to improve CARICOM Member States’ to prevent the illicit circulation of small arms and light weapons.

    The CARICOM Committee of Ambassadors also met later last week and among other things, reviewed plans for the Thirty-Second Inter-Sessional Meeting of the Conference of Heads of Government slated for 23-24 February 2021. The Community Council of Ministers also convened to, inter alia, advance preparations for the Intersessional Meeting and to approve the CARICOM Secretariat’s Budget for the financial year 2021-22.

    The Secretariat has since the start of the year already released separate statements condemning the US’ designation of Cuba as a State Sponsor of Terrorism and repudiating any Venezuelan aggression in the escalating Guyana-Venezuela border dispute. The latter statement was in response to a statement released by the Maduro Government on January 7, announcing the creation of a so-called “Territory for the development of the Atlantic Façade” in the disputed Essequibo region of Guyana over which Venezuela has repeatedly claimed as part of its territory. An interesting development is that the Brazilian Government has expressed support for Guyana in the matter.

    In its statement demanding greater equality in COVID-19 vaccine dissemination, CARICOM has called for a global summit in the context of the World Health Organisation’s (WHO) ACT-A Facilitation Council to discuss equitable access and distribution of the COVID-19 vaccines.

    Now you are all caught up! We look forward to continuing to follow these developments and more throughout the course of what promises to be a critical year for trade.

    Alicia Nicholls, B.Sc., M.Sc., LL.B. is a trade and development consultant with a keen interest in sustainable development, international law and trade. All views herein expressed are her personal views and should not be attributed to any institution with which she may from time to time be affiliated. You can read more of her commentaries and follow her on Twitter @LicyLaw.

  • Caribbean Trade & Development News Digest – January 1-16, 2021

    Caribbean Trade & Development News Digest – January 1-16, 2021

    Happy New Year! Welcome to the first Caribbean Trade and Development News Digest for 2021! We do hope that you had a great start to the year so far. We are pleased to bring you the major trade and development news headlines and analysis from across the Caribbean Region and the world from January 1 – 16, 2021.

    WHAT’S HAPPENED IN TRADE SINCE DECEMBER 2020?

    Since our last digest was published near the end of December 2020, some major trade developments have occurred, including on the Brexit, AfCFTA and other fronts. If you missed them, then catch up on these developments in my update article here.

    REGIONAL NEWS

    Re-examining Caribbean-Chinese relations

    Global Americans: Too often, United States government officials and scholars have characterized China’s relationship with Caribbean nations as a one-way affair in which the former, as a malign foreign actor, takes advantage of the latter, a small and weak group of states. Read more

    Minister aiming to expand reach of Jamaica Blue Mountain Coffee

    Jamaica Observer: Minister of Agriculture and Fisheries Floyd Green is aiming to expand the reach of the Jamaica Blue Mountain Coffee brand internationally and increase production of coffee locally. Read more

    Yvor Nassief | The Ongoing Caricom Soap Saga – Dominican Producer Outlines Concerns With Jamaican Soap Imports & Exports

    Jamaica Gleaner: The recent press coverage of the decision by the Caribbean Community (Caricom) Council for Trade and Economic Development (COTED) that companies in Jamaica are not eligible to receive certificates of origin for their soap exports, thereby not enjoying duty-free access to Caricom, is one-sided and contains inaccuracies and misrepresentations. I seek to clarify some of these. Read more

    Royal Caribbean will offer cruises from Barbados in December 2021

    Royal Caribbean Blog: Royal Caribbean announced it will begin offering roundtrip cruises from Barbados at the end of 2021 on Grandeur of the Seas. Read more

    Guyana signs on to new trade, investment agreement with UK

    Jamaica Observer: Guyana has officially signed on to the new agreement that will govern trade and investment between the United Kingdom and the CARIFORUM group of countries following the UK’s exit from the European Union. Read more

    US takes sterner action against Exxon’s Chinese partner in Guyana, unlikely to affect local operations

    Stabroek: The Trump administration in its waning days took another swipe at China and its biggest firms yesterday including ExxonMobil’s Guyana partner, CNOOC for alleged misdeeds in the South China Sea. Read more

    Guyana, US security pact to reel in illegal fishing

    Stabroek: A defence partnership agreement was signed yesterday between Guyana and the United States and it is expected to ensure increased safeguards against illegal fishing in this country’s waters. Read more

    CARICOM could source COVID-19 vaccines from the African Union

    Jamaica Observer: The Caribbean Community (Caricom) has been offered access to approved COVID-19 vaccines from a shipment recently secured by the African Union. Read more

    Guyana holds talks on difficulties exporting agri, poultry products to T&T

    Newsroom: Guyana on Friday convened a virtual Joint Ministerial Trade and Agricultural Meeting with Trinidad and Tobago to discuss market access difficulties experienced by Guyana when exporting agricultural and poultry products to the twin-island republic. Read more

    Trinidad & Tobago manufacturers support trade ministry action on cement industry

    Trinidad Guardian: The Trinidad and Tobago Manufacturers Association (TTMA) has come out in support of recent moves by the Ministry of Trade and Industry to ensure fair trade practices in the cement industry. Read more

    Trinidad & Tobago Gov’t gets to work on reviving manufacturing sector

    Loop TT: The Ministry of Trade and Industry said it’s encouraged by emerging signs of resurgence in the manufacturing sector as noted in the Central Bank of Trinidad and Tobago’s (CBTT) December Monetary Policy Announcement. Read more

    Trade Ministry lists support for manufacturing

    TT Newsday: Government remains committed to the well-being and expansion of the local manufacturing sector as well as ongoing and future collaborations with the private sector, the Trade and Industry Ministry said in a statement on Friday. Read more

    Mondello: TT, US can start new chapter under Biden

    TT Newsday: Days ahead of the swearing-in of Joe Biden as new US president next Wednesday, outgoing US ambassador Joseph Mondello hoped TT and the US could use the change to strengthen their relationship. Read more

    New CARICOM manufacturing body gets to work

    Barbados Today: A new regional manufacturers association has been launched in the Caribbean Community (CARICOM) to help promote regional manufacturers. The founding members are the Barbados Manufacturers’ Association (BMA), the Dominican Manufacturers’ Association, the Guyana Manufacturers’ and Services Association, the Jamaica Manufacturers’ and Exporters Association, the St Lucia Manufacturers’ Association and the Trinidad and Tobago Manufacturers’ Association. Read more

    BVI loses access to EU funding

    BVI News: The BVI and other British Overseas Territories will no longer have access to any future funding for sustainable development from the European Union as the UK’s Brexit deal took effect on January 1, 2021. Read more

    Belize exports 16,000 lbs of chicken to CARICOM

    Amandala: On December 23, Belize exported its first-ever shipment of poultry products to the CARICOM region. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Foreign Trade, and Immigration, in partnership with the Ministry of Agriculture, announced that 16,000 pounds of chicken cuts were exported to Grenada. Read more

    INTERNATIONAL NEWS

    What Does 2021 Hold for Global Trade?

    Brink News: How will the expected economic recovery impact trade? Will the Biden administration maintain current President Donald Trump’s tariffs on China? Has globalization been fundamentally altered by the pandemic? BRINK invited Nicolas Lamp, a global trade expert based at the Faculty of Law of Queen’s University Canada, to share his thoughts on what trends to expect in 2021. Read more

    Air travel down 60 per cent, as airline industry losses top $370 billion: ICAO

    UN: The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) said on Friday, that as seating capacity fell by around 50 per cent last year, that left just 1.8 billion passengers taking flights through 2020, compared with around 4.5 billion in 2019. That adds up to a staggering financial loss to the industry of around $370 billion, “with airports and air navigation services providers losing a further 115 billion and 13 billion, respectively”, said ICAO in a press statement. Read more

    Biden aims for new course on trade, breaking with Trump and Democratic predecessors

    WP: It may not take long for President-elect Joe Biden to distinguish his trade policy from his predecessor’s “America First” approach. Read more

    U.S.-China trade war has cost up to 245,000 U.S. jobs: business group study

    Reuters: U.S. President Donald Trump’s trade war with China has caused a peak loss of 245,000 U.S. jobs, but a gradual scaling back of tariffs on both sides would boost growth and lead to an additional 145,000 jobs by 2025, a study commissioned by the U.S.-China Business Council (USCBC) shows. Read more

    US-China trade war deal reaches first anniversary as bilateral mistrust hits ‘all-time high’

    SCMP: One year after signing, China lags far behind in its purchases of American goods and the trade imbalance with the US has grown. Read more

    Exclusive: UK eyes adding climate provisions in US trade talks to woo Joe Biden

    City A.M: The UK will try to add new provisions on climate change and environmental standards in US trade negotiations in a bid to woo incoming President Joe Biden. Trade secretary Liz Truss wants to build on current negotiations with the Donald Trump administration and potentially add things like enhanced protections on air pollution and corporate transparency on climate change to coax Biden’s team to the negotiating table. Read more

    Keep tariffs on China, says outgoing US trade chief

    CNA: Outgoing US President Donald Trump’s trade chief on Monday (Jan 11) urged President-elect Joe Biden to maintain tariffs imposed on China, arguing that they have shifted the balance of power in Washington’s favour. Read more

    US suspends tariffs against French goods over digital service tax

    Reuters: US had proposed tariffs on $1.3bn worth of French goods in retaliation for French tax on tech firms. Read more

    France wants suspension of ‘poisonous’ U.S.-Europe trade spat

    Financial Post: The European Union and the incoming administration of U.S. President-elect Joe Biden should suspend a trade dispute to give themselves time to find common ground, France’s foreign minister said in remarks published on Sunday. Read more

    UPDATE 1-USTR says Vietnam’s currency actions ‘unreasonable’ but holds off on tariffs

    Reuters: The Trump administration on Friday said Vietnam’s actions to push down the value of its currency are “unreasonable” and restrict U.S. commerce, but is not taking immediate action to impose punitive tariffs. Read more

    Canada’s international trade slows in weakening recovery

    Bloomberg: Canada’s merchandise trade deficit remained at historically elevated levels in November, as exports and imports slowed amid a weakening global recovery. Read more

    After months of COVID delays, African free trade bloc launches

    Al Jazeera: After months of delays caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, the African Continental Free Trade Area launches, but full implementation of the historic pact may take years. Read more

    INTERVIEW | What Africa must do to make the AfCFTA work – Trudi Hartzenberg

    African Newspage: Trudi Hartzenberg is the executive director of the Stellenbosch, South Africa-based Trade Law Centre (TRALAC), focused on improving capacity in trade governance in Africa. Hartzenberg, who currently serves on the World Trade Organization (WTO) Chairs Advisory Committee is also a member of the Committee for Development Policy (CDP), a subsidiary of the United Nations Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC). Read more

    AfCFTA: Three details to note as the largest free-trade agreement kicks off in Africa

    Face2Face Africa: Headquartered in Accra, Ghana, the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) is now officially the largest free trade area by the number of participating countries since the founding of the World Trade Organization (WTO) in 1995. Read more

    Malawi deposits AfCFTA ratification to AU

    Xinhua: Malawi on Friday deposited its Africa Continental Free Trade Area Agreement (AfCFTA) ratification instrument to the African Union (AU) Commission as the number of African countries bound by the continental free trade pact grows. Read more

    African Business Council applauds the start of trading on the basis of the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA)

    Africa News: On 1 January 2021, at the launch of the start of trading on the basis of the AfCFTA, the Pan-African Private Sector, under the umbrella body of the African Business Council (AfBC), issued a press statement in support of this initiative. In it, the AfBC acknowledged that the start of trading under the AfCFTA presents enormous business opportunities for the Pan-African Private Sector, SMEs, Women and Youths as the continent takes this bold move towards Boosting Intra-African Trade. Read more

    UK refused deal on post-Brexit travel for musicians, says Barnier

    Politico: Amid growing uproar in the U.K. over post-Brexit travel for touring musicians, Michel Barnier, the EU’s chief negotiator, said the British government had rejected a clear offer from Brussels to carve out a special deal for performers. Read more

    UK trade minister seeks early meeting with U.S. trade czar on whisky tariffs

    Reuters: British trade minister Liz Truss said on Thursday she was seeking an early meeting with U.S. President-elect Joe Biden’s pick to be his trade czar, Katherine Tai, to discuss tariffs on Scottish whisky. Read more

    Post-Brexit customs systems not fit for purpose, say meat exporters

    BBC: UK meat exporters have claimed post-Brexit customs systems are “not fit for purpose”, with goods delayed for hours, sometimes days, at the border. Read more

    20% of UK chemicals registrations face revocation after Brexit

    Euractiv: Around 20% of registrations from UK-based companies to the European Union’s REACH chemicals database have not been transferred to EU companies and will be revoked after 31 March 2021, according to the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA). Read more

    Exclusive: European Commission battles to sell post-Cotonou deal at home

    Devex: After last month’s long-awaited “political deal” on a new agreement with 79 African, Caribbean, and Pacific countries, the European Commission is now facing another hurdle: its own member states. Read more

    EU trade official wants swift engagement with Biden on aircraft, digital taxes, WTO

    Reuters: The European Union is looking to engage quickly with the Biden administration to resolve major trade irritants, including disputes over digital taxes and commercial aircraft subsides, EU Director General for Trade Sabine Weyand said on Friday. Read more

    EU trade official wants swift engagement with Biden on aircraft, digital taxes, WTO

    Nasdaq: The European Union is looking to engage quickly with the Biden administration to resolve major trade irritants, including disputes over digital taxes and commercial aircraft subsides, EU Director General for Trade Sabine Weyand said on Friday. Read more

    Forget Brexit, the most important trade deal in 2021 is in Africa

    Euractiv: While the UK splinters away from the European Union, Africa is uniting under a landmark free trade agreement, making it one of the largest since the establishment of the World Trade Organization (WTO), writes Debisi Araba. Read more

    Interview: Global trade system reform vital to economic recovery, says Australian economist

    Xinhua: The reform of the global trade system is significant for the world’s recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic and long-term economic growth, a senior Australian economist has said. Read more

    A new administration: US sanctions trends for 2021

    GTR: A raft of new US sanctions guidance and designations made 2020 a challenging year for banks involved in trade finance, yet the overall value of financial penalties handed out was low. GTR speaks to legal experts about recent enforcement trends, the challenges facing trade finance lenders, and the likely impact of the incoming Biden administration. Read more

    China’s cross-border e-commerce plays vital role in global trade amid pandemic

    CGTN: China’s cross-border e-commerce is becoming the latest driving engine for the country’s foreign trade, which gained great momentum last year in a time of COVID-19 recessions. Read more

    Deadlines and Decisions for American Trade in 2021

    US Chamber: As the pandemic and recession hopefully begin to give way to vaccines and recovery in 2021, the U.S. Chamber’s International Affairs Division is focused on the issues that will dominate international economic policy in the months ahead. Read more

    After Trump: What Will Biden Do on Trade?

    Council on Foreign Relations: President Trump disrupted U.S. trade policy in the name of better deals. President-Elect Biden proposes a combination of stronger domestic investment and better coordination with allies. Read more

    Creative economy to have its year in the sun in 2021

    UNCTAD: Here’s why the UN has dedicated a whole year to the creative economy and its critical role in promoting sustainable development, especially in a post-coronavirus world. Read more

    STRAIGHT FROM THE WTO

    NEW ON THE CTLD BLOG

    The Caribbean Trade & Development Digest is a weekly trade news digest produced and published by the Caribbean Trade Law & Development Blog. Liked this issue? To read past issues, please visit here. To receive these mailings directly to your inbox, please subscribe to our Blog below:

  • Season’s Greetings from the CTLD Blog 2020!

    Season’s Greetings from the CTLD Blog 2020!

    Dear Readers,

    As is customary at this time of the year, the CLTD blog will be embarking on our annual Christmas vacation hiatus until January. I wish to personally thank each of you for your readership and support of this blog over the past year – a year which we all know has been fraught with challenges.

    Next year, 2021, marks 10 years of this blog’s existence! When I started the Caribbean Trade Law & Development blog in 2011, I never would have imagined the regional and global readership it would have attracted years later. Again, I warmly thank you for your comments, suggestions, guest contributions, and continued readership which have all helped to make this blog a leading voice on trade and development issues in the Caribbean region.

    I wish you and your families a very Merry Christmas and a wonderful 2021! Be merry and enjoy the ending of what has been a very turbulent year for many, but do remember to stay safe and observe the COVID-19 protocols in your respective jurisdiction!

    With best wishes,

    Alicia

    CTLD Blog

    Image by monicore from Pixabay